国际麻醉学与复苏杂志   2010, Issue (4): 0-0
    
小剂量布比卡因复合芬太尼腰硬联合麻醉应用于高龄患者的临床研究
杨少辉1()
1.广东省汕头市潮南民生医院麻醉科
Clinical analysis on low-dose bupivacaine with fentanyl for combined spinal-epidural anesthesia in elderly patients
 全文:
摘要:

目的 研究小剂量布比卡因复合芬太尼腰硬联合麻醉应用于高龄患者的可行性。方法 选择拟行下腹部及下肢手术的高龄患者共60例,随机分为2组:小剂量布比卡因复合芬太尼试验组(S组,n=30)及单纯布比卡因对照组(C组,n=30),比较两组患者术中神经阻滞的效果,发生低血压,心律失常,恶心、呕吐,寒战的发生率以及使用麻黄素的用药量差异。结果 两组患者均可产生可靠的麻醉效果,试验组术中低血压,心律失常的发生率显著低于对照组,恶心、呕吐、寒战的发生率也有减少,低血压需要麻黄素干预的患者例数显著低于对照组。结论 小剂量布比卡因复合芬太尼可有效增加高龄患者下腹部及下肢手术中心血管系统的稳定性,降低低血压和心律失常的发生率,并可减少恶心呕吐等副作用的发生。

关键词: 布比卡因;腰硬联合麻醉;高龄;心血管系统
Abstract:

Objective To analyse the clinical feasibility of low-dose bupivacaine with fentanyl for combined spinal-epidural anesthesia in elderly patients. Methods Sisty elderly patients undergoing elective underbelly and lower limbs operations were randomized into two groups(n=30):The Study Group received spinal anesthesia with a combination of low-dose bupivacaine and fentanyl ,while the Control Group received bupivacaine. The block effects were assessed. The incidence of hypotension, arrhythmia, nausea and vomiting, and shivering and the need of ephedrine due to hypotension were observed. Results All patients had adequate anesthetic effect. The incidence of hypotension, arrhythmia, nausea and vomiting, shivering in Study Group was significantly lower than in Control Group. The need of ephedrine due to hypotension was less in Study Group. Conclusion Low-dose bupivacaine with fentanyl for spinal-epidural block in elderly patients may maintain the cardiovascular stability and reduce the side-effects.

Key words: bupivacaine; combined spinal-epidural anesthesia; elderly patients; cardiovascular system